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Release 30 Based upon resent experimental matter/antimatter asymmetry calculations, there is a billion (1,000,000,000) times more matter than antimatter. Using these calculations, our solar system should have 2x1018 metric tons of antimatter or over two million (2,000,000) antimatter comets the size of Halley's comet. Plasma Cosmology predicted less antimatter in our solar system. The observed number of comets is significantly less than matter/antimatter asymmetry calculations. Lets look at other detailed predictions: a) The Plasma Universe consists
half of matter and half of antimatter Fits expectation
from collision experiments. Absence of antimatter would in fact need an
explanation. Both types of material are observationally the same, so we can't
tell if a galaxy is made of matter or antimatter. Electron/positron
collisions could account for observed X-ray background radiation however. A universe
consisting of a mixture of both, under gravitational collapse can be shown to
separate out the matter and antimatter, by electro-magnetic effects. This leads
to solar system size structures, each of only one type of material. b) Self-destruction of
matter/antimatter due to collisions would be rare At slow speeds, a
collision between matter & antimatter objects would cause a Leidenfrost
layer to form, forcing them apart again (the same principle as that causing fat
droplets to keep moving over steam in a hot frying pan). Bouncing apart would
increase collisions over time. Matter encountering
matter would merge creating ever larger structures. Similarly for antimatter,
until galaxies/superclusters are formed. c) A large-scale fast collision
would give Hubble expansion One kilo of
matter/antimatter annihilation gives equivalent energy to a 20 megaton hydrogen
bomb. A galaxy size collision will give the full Big Bang energy. Fast
encounters would overcome the Leidenfrost resistance. This large force
would expel nearby matter, the fastest going furthest, thus giving the observed
Hubble relationship (by Milne process). The cosmic and x-ray
backgrounds observed are consistent with this approach. d) Galaxies can form in the
required time by electromagnetic effects Moving
electromagnetic forces, being so much stronger than gravity, will concentrate
matter far faster than gravity could (solenoid effect). Laboratory
experiments simulating small plasmas show the same varied forms as observed
galaxies (spiral, bar, elliptical etc.). Extrapolations to
galactic size show required currents of around 10 Million Trillion amps and
filament sizes of many light years (certain filaments can be proved capable of
carrying arbitrary high currents). Measurements of
galactic magnetic filaments are consistent with currents flowing of these orders
of magnitude and size. They cannot be explained by gravitational effects. e) Supercluster threads are just
electromagnetic conductors When currents flow
through a plasma, adjacent magnetic fields attract, pinching the plasma into
twisted strings - ropes resembling galactic ribbons, just as observed. f) Homogeneity of background
radiation is due to electron scattering High energy
electrons spiraling on galactic magnetic filaments generate synchrotron
radiation at microwave frequencies. They will absorb 2.73K directional radiation
and re-radiate in random directions, giving the isotropy observed. Photons would on
average encounter such filaments once in a few million years, over billions of
years this is easily enough to adequately give the observed smooth background. Plasma is not
transparent to radio waves, so strength should fall off with distance for radio
galaxies, this is observed. Big Bang can't explain. This also means the cosmic
background is generated locally, not by a distant in time and space 'Big Bang'. g) Galactic synchrotron processes
generate highly directed radio jets. Quasars show just
such features, no assumption of black holes is needed. Measured speeds of
stars near galactic center are less than 70km/s, much lower than gas speeds,
approx. 1500km/s, disproving a black hole as cause. h) Galactic spin (angular momentum)
results from magnetic fields Transfer of momentum
from rotating magnetic fields to matter is a natural feature of the galactic
simulations (electric motor effect). i) Helium abundance results from an
early generation of massive stars Spiral arms rotating
through plasma produce shock waves concentrating stars, these massive stars
explode quickly as supernovae disrupting the shock wave and preventing further
massive stars. Model predicts
almost any galaxy will produce 22% Helium, 1% Oxygen and 0.5% Carbon all in
close agreement with observation. Cosmic rays from
these exploding stars, colliding with plasma, will produce the rare isotopes
also observed, no big bang is needed. j) Omega (Universe density) should
be very much less than one DeVaucoleur showed
that cosmic density drops in proportion to square of size. Gravity at large
scales is then so weak that General Relativity effects can be ignored, its
predictions irrelevant. Plasma filaments
have restricted velocities; the predictions imply a size ratio between objects
of one collision distance. This agrees with cosmic density and applies at all
sizes from electron to supercluster. |
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